What are the commonly used plastics in automobiles? What are the main applications of plastics in automobiles?
Because of its beautiful appearance, light weight, and easy processing, plastic has become an important material for car body manufacturing.
Many parts such as the bumper of the automobile, the outer edge of the fender, the radiator grille, the instrument panel, and the decorative panel are all plastic products.
Plastic is a material whose main component is high molecular polymer (synthetic resin). In the process of manufacturing and processing, it can be molded into a certain shape under a certain temperature and pressure, and can maintain the established shape at room temperature. Synthetic resin accounts for about 40%-100% of the total weight of plastics. It usually undergoes conversion or has a certain melting range when heated, and is fluidized by external force during conversion. It is a solid or semi-solid or liquid organic polymer at room temperature. It is the most basic and most important component of plastics. The basic properties of plastics are mainly determined by the nature of the resin, and at the same time, additives also play an important role.
Commonly used materials in cars are:
Nylon material (PA)
Nylon is mainly used in automobile engines and engine peripheral parts. The main varieties are GFPA6, GFPA66, and enhanced flame-retardant PA6 products.
1. Application on peripheral parts of automobile engine: Since the peripheral parts of the engine are mainly heat-generating and vibrating parts, most of the materials used in the parts are glass fiber reinforced nylon. This is because nylon has better comprehensive properties. The main properties of nylon modified with glass fiber are greatly improved, such as strength, product accuracy, and dimensional stability. In addition, nylon has many varieties, is easier to recycle, and is relatively cheap. These factors make nylon an ideal material for engine peripheral components. The intake manifold is the most typical application of modified nylon materials in the automotive field. In 1990, the German BMW Motor Company first applied the intake manifold made of glass fiber reinforced nylon to six-cylinder engines. After that, the intake manifold made by Ford of the United States with glass fiber reinforced PA66 was applied to the V6 engine, and then the world's major automobile companies followed up, and the modified nylon intake manifold was widely used.
2. Application in automobile engine parts: engine cover, engine decoration cover, cylinder head cover and other parts generally use modified nylon as the preferred material. Compared with metal materials, taking cylinder head cover as an example, the quality is reduced by 50%. The cost is reduced by 30%. In addition to engine parts, other stressed parts of the car can also use reinforced nylon, such as oil filters, wipers, radiator grilles, etc.
Polyester material (PBT)
In the field of automobile manufacturing, PBT is widely used in the production of bumpers, carburetor components, fenders, spoilers, spark plug terminal boards, fuel supply system parts, instrument panels, automobile igniters, accelerators, and clutch pedals. Components. PBT and reinforced PA. PCPOM is +5% of ф in the automotive industry, РA is easy to absorb water, and the heat resistance and resistance of РC is not as good as that of PBT. In terms of auto takeover, РВТ will gradually replace PA because it has better water absorption resistance than PA. In the case of high relative humidity and very humid conditions, the plasticity is likely to be reduced due to humidity, which can easily cause corrosion at the electrical nodes, so modified PBT can often be used. Under 80%, 90% relative humidity, PBT can still be used normally, and the effect is very good.
Polyoxymethylene material (POM)
The automotive industry is the largest potential market for POM materials. POM has the advantages of light weight, high hardness, wear resistance, creep resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, etc., which is very suitable for manufacturing automobile pumps, vaporizer parts, oil pipes, power valves, universal bearings, motor gears, cranks, and handles. , Instrument panels, automobile window lift devices, electric switches, seat belt buckles, etc., especially wear-resistant parts such as sliders are the strengths of modified POM. These parts have low metal wear, reduce the amount of lubricating oil, and enhance the use of components. life.
Polycarbonate material (PC)
Due to its excellent heat resistance, impact resistance, rigidity and good processing fluidity, modified PC is mainly used in automobiles for exterior and interior parts, parts around instrument panels, antifreeze panels, door handles, and overcast flow. Auto parts such as panels, brackets, steering column sheaths, decorative panels, air-conditioning system parts, and car light parts.
What is the main application of plastics in automobiles
Engine parts, water tank parts, air conditioner parts, air filter parts, various water bottles, instrument panel parts, seat parts, floor parts, roof parts, gear lever parts, steering wheel parts, door interior parts, rearview mirrors and various cards Buckles and fixings, front and rear lights, air intake grilles, fenders, and mirrors.
